evsjv beel©: BwZnvm, ms¯‹vi I evOvwji wPišÍb Drme‡PZbv

dqmvj nvwee

cªfvlK, evÃvivgcyi miKvwi wWwMª K‡jR

Avgv‡`i †`‡k cªPwjZ e½vã ev evsjv mb g~jZ Bmjvgx wnRwi m‡biB GKwU ms¯‹iY| fvi‡Zi †gvMj kvmbvg‡j wnRwi cwÄKv Abymv‡iB me KvR cwiPvwjZ n‡Zv| g~j wnRwi cwÄKv Puv‡`i Ici wbf©ikxj, hv †mŠi eQ‡ii †P‡q 11 ev 12 w`b †QvU-KviY †mŠieQi 365 w`b Avi Pv›`ªeQi 354 w`b| G Kvi‡Y Pv›`ª eQ‡i FZy¸wj w¯’i _v‡K bv, A_P K„wlKvR I A‡bK KvR FZyi Ici wbf©ikxj| ZvB †gvMj mgªvU AvKev‡ii mg‡q wnRwi Pv›`ª cwÄKv‡K †mŠi cwÄKvq iƒcvšÍ‡ii wm×všÍ †bIqv nq|

mgªvU AvKevi Zuvi `iev‡ii weÁvbx I †R¨vwZwe©` Avwgi dZyjøvn wkivRx‡K GB `vwqZ¡ †`b| 992 wnRwi (1584 wLª÷vã) mv‡j GB wnRwi †mŠi el©cwÄ cªPjb Kiv nq| Z‡e AvKevi Zuvi wmsnvmb Av‡ivn‡Yi 29 eQi c~‡e© †_‡K GB cwÄKv Pvjy Kivi wb‡`©k †`b, ZvB 963 wnRwi mvj †_‡K e½vã MYbv ïiæ nq| Gi Av‡M e‡½ kKvã PjZ, hvi cª_g gvm wQj ˆPÎ| wKš‘ 963 wnRwii gynviig gvm wQj evsjvi ˆekvL gvm, ZvB ˆekvL‡K e½v‡ãi cª_g gvm Ges 1 ˆekvL‡K beel© aiv nq|

BwZnvm e‡j, 963 wnRwi (1556 wLª÷vã) mv‡j †gvMj mgªvU Rvjvj DwÏb gynv¤§` AvKei wmsnvm‡b Av‡ivnY Kivi mgq †_‡K evsjv mb cªewZ©Z nq| cª_‡g 963 wnRwi‡K evsjv m‡bi 963 eQi a‡i wb‡q Zvici cªwZ †mŠi eQi AšÍi 964, 965, 967-Gfv‡e MYbv P‡j Avm‡Q| †mB wnmv‡e AvR Avgiv evsjv 1433 mv‡j †cŠu‡QwQ|

‡gvMj Avgj †_‡KB c‡njv ˆekv‡L evsjv beel© Dcj‡¶ wKQy Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡Zv| cªRviv ˆPÎ gv‡mi †k‡l LvRbv cwi‡kva Ki‡Zb Avi c‡njv ˆekv‡L Rwg`viiv Zv‡`i wgwó LvIqv‡Zb I Drme Ki‡Zb| GQvov e¨emvqx I †`vKvb`viiv GB w`b ÔnvjLvZvÕ Ki‡Zb| ZLb c‡njv ˆekvL Gme Kv‡Ri g‡a¨B mxgve× wQj-g~jZ ivóªxq, mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK wbqgKvbyb my›`ifv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨B GwU wba©vwiZ wQj|

‡hw`b ˆekvL evsjv m‡bi cª_g gvm n‡jv, †mw`b †_‡KB ˆekv‡Li Avb›` bev‡bœi †P‡qI eo I wfbœ iƒc †c‡Z ïiæ K‡i| gnvRb I e¨emvqxiv ˆekv‡LB ÔnvjLvZvÕ Pvjy K‡ib| nvjLvZv gv‡b MZ eQ‡ii wnmve †kl K‡i cyi‡bv LvZv Zy‡j †i‡L bZyb eQ‡ii cª_g w`b bZyb LvZvq wnmve ïiæ Kiv| cªexYiv e‡jb, jvj kvjy Kvc‡oi gjv‡U †gvov‡bv bZyb LvZvi Ic‡i †jLv n‡Zv ÔGjvnx fimvÕ-GB ÔGjvnxÕ kãwUI mgªvU AvKe‡ii ÔZvwiL-B GjvnxÕ †_‡K G‡m‡Q e‡j Rvbv hvq|

evsjv m‡bi ms¯‹vi:

ÔmbÕ Aviwe kã| cweÎ †KviAv‡bi m~iv AvbKvey‡Z ÔmvbvÕ ev eQi m¤ú‡K© D‡jøL Av‡Q-ÔmvbvÕ k‡ãi cwiewZ©Z iƒcB ÔmbÕ| Avi ÔmvjÕ kãwU D`©y I dviwm fvlvq e¨eüZ nq| evsjvq mb‡K ÔAãÕ ev ÔmvjÕ e‡j| evsjv GKv‡Wwg 17 †deªæqvwi, 1966 mv‡j evsjv mb ms¯‹v‡ii D‡`¨vM †bq| W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvni †bZ„‡Z¡ GB KwgwU MªvgxY Rb‡Mvôxi Av_©-mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡bi mgm¨v wPwýZ K‡i mgvav‡bi cª¯Íve †`q| evsjv m‡bi ˆ`N¨© †MªMwiqvb el©cwÄi g‡Zv 365 w`b, Z‡e c„w_exi m~h© cwiµg‡Yi cªK„Z mgq 365 w`b 5 NÈv 48 wgwbU 47 †m‡KÛ| †MªMwiqvb K¨v‡jÛv‡i GB e¨eavb †gUv‡Z cªwZ Pvi eQ‡i †deªæqvwi‡Z AwZwi³ w`b †hvM Kiv nq-kZvãx¸wji g‡a¨ ïay †h¸‡jv 400 w`‡q wefvR¨ bq, †m¸‡jv e¨wZµg| †R¨vwZwe©Ávbwbf©i n‡jI evsjv m‡b GB AwZwi³ w`b AvZ¥xK„Z nqwb| evsjv gvm¸wji ˆ`N¨©I wewfbœ| ZvB W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn KwgwU wb‡Pi cª¯Íve †`q:

- eQ‡ii cª_g cuvP gvm (‰ekvL †_‡K fv`ª) n‡e 31 w`‡bi

- evwK gvm¸‡jv (Avwk¦b †_‡K ˆPÎ) n‡e 30 w`‡bi

- cªwZ PZy_© eQ‡i dvj&¸b gv‡m GKwU AwZwi³ w`b †hvM K‡i Zv 31 w`‡bi Kiv n‡e

bee‡l©i Abyl½:

2.1 Avgvwb (Avgcvbx): cªavbZ DËie‡½i M„wnYxiv ˆPÎ gv‡mi †kl mܨvq ev iv‡Z GK nuvwo cvwb‡Z mvgvb¨ Aa©wm× Pvj wfwR‡q Zv‡Z GKwU KwP Av‡gi Wvj ewm‡q iv‡Lb| c‡njv ˆekv‡Li †fvi‡ejv m~h© IVvi Av‡M Zviv Nyg †_‡K D‡V †mB †fRv Pvj N‡ii mevB‡K †L‡Z †`b| mevB wg‡j Zv †L‡Z _v‡Kb, Avi M„wnYxiv Wv‡ji cvZv w`‡q mevi Mv‡q cvwb wQwU‡q †`b| Zuv‡`i wek¦vm, G‡Z bZyb eQ‡i M„‡n kvwšÍ Av‡m I dm‡ji ¶wZ nq bv| Rvbv hvq, AvgvwbB evsjv bee‡l©i cª_g I cªvPxb Abyôvb|

2.2 cyY¨vn: cyY¨vn gv‡b †R¨vwZlkvm&Î g‡Z †Kv‡bv cyY¨ KvR ïiæi cªk¯Í w`b| evsjvq Gi A_© `uvwo‡qwQj Rwg`vi KZ©…K cªRv‡`i KvQ †_‡K bZyb eQ‡ii LvRbv Av`vq ïiæi Abyôvb| GB w`b cªRviv fv‡jv †cvkvK c‡i Rwg`vi-ZvjyK`vi‡`i evwo‡Z LvRbv w`‡Z Avm‡Zb| †Kv_vI †Kv_vI Rwg`vi-ZvjyK`viiv cvb-mycvwi ev wgwó LvB‡q Avc¨vqb Ki‡Zb| gyn¤§` Gbvgyj n‡Ki †jLvq D‡jøL Av‡Q, 1920 mvj ch©šÍ c‡njv ˆekv‡L cyY¨vn AbywôZ n‡Zv|

2.3 Miæi †`Šo:  ÔMiæi †`ŠoÕ bee‡l©i ¯’vbxq Abyôvb¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg, hv GLb cªvq wejyß| ZrKvjxb XvKv †Rjvi gyÝxMÄ gnKygv I Avkcv‡ki Mªv‡g c‡njv ˆekv‡L GB Abyôvb aygavg K‡i n‡Zv| †hLv‡b Miæi †`Šo n‡Zv, †mLv‡b †QvULvU †gjvI emZ| Gw`b weËkvjx M„n¯’iv Zv‡`i nv‡ji Miæi Mv‡q i‡Oi †Qvc w`‡q, Mjvq Kwoi gvjv cwi‡q mvRv‡Zb Ges Miæ wb‡q cªwZ‡hvwMZvq †hvM w`‡Zb| huv‡`i Miæ wRZZ, Zuviv AZ¨šÍ Mwe©Z I Avbw›`Z n‡Zb|

2.4 nvjLvZv: c‡njv ˆekv‡L nvjLvZv AbyôvbwU nvU-evRvi-M‡Äi †`vKvb I e¨emvcªwZôv‡b wbqwgZ cvwjZ nq| e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i mvsevwl©K wnmve ivLv I †gjv‡bvi cª‡qvR‡b e¨emvqx I †`vKvb`viiv GwU Av‡qvRb K‡ib| Av‡M evwK‡Z †Kbv UvKv cwi‡kv‡ai cªPjb wQj|  evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi cwðge‡½i gd¯^j kni I Mªv‡gi †`vKvbcvU I e¨emvcªwZôv‡b AvRI nvjLvZvi cªPjb i‡q‡Q|

2.5 †gjv: †gjv bee‡l©i cªavb Avb‡›`i Abyl½| †`kRy‡o mviv ˆekvL gv‡m A‡bK †gjv e‡m Ges AwaKvsk †gjv c‡njv ˆekv‡L Av‡qvwRZ nq| †gjvq G‡m gvbyl ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ wgwjZ nq, †QvU gvbyl eo nq, mxgve× gvbyl mxgv Qvwo‡q wb‡R‡K A‡b¨i g‡a¨ mÂvwiZ K‡i Avi Ab¨‡K wb‡Ri g‡a¨ ¯’vb †`q| †gjvi Avb›` wbg©j I wbt¯^v_©| MªvgxY Rb‡Mvôxi K„wó I ms¯‹…wZi m‡½ †gjvi †hvM wbweo| evOvwji GB Drm‡e mKj ag© I †kªwYi gvby‡li ms¯‹…wZi mgš^q dy‡U I‡V| K‡qKwU Mªv‡gi ms‡hvM¯’‡j, b`xi av‡i ev †Lvjv gv‡V †gjvi Av‡qvRb nq| †gjv‡K wN‡i MªvgxY Rxe‡b cªvYPvÂj¨ Av‡m| Mªv‡gi †gjvq bvMi‡`vjv, Rvwi-mvwi, cyuw_cvV, M¤¢xiv, luv‡oi jovB, †gvi‡Mi jovB, jvwV‡Ljv, nvWyWy †Ljv BZ¨vw` `k©bv_x©‡`i gy» K‡i| GLbI bvMi‡`vjv me eqmx‡`i Kv‡Q cªavb AvKl©Y| MªvgxY g„rwkí I Kviæc‡Y¨i wewKwKwbI †gjvi Av‡iK AvKl©Y, we‡kl K‡i k‡Li nuvwo Lye Rbwcªq|

‰ggbwmsn MxwZKvq evsjv bee‡l©i Avevnb aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q-ÒAvBj bZyb eQi jBqv be mvR, Ky‡Ä Wv‡K †KvwKj-‡KKv e‡b MÜivRÓ*| †gvUvgywUfv‡e GUvB Avgv‡`i evOvwj HwZn¨, GUvB ˆekv‡Li HwZn¨-‡h‡Kv‡bv evav-wecwË †cwi‡q, mnmª cªwZK~jZv AwZµg K‡i, ivóªxq Aw¯’wZkxjZvi g‡a¨I Avgv‡`i gvwZ‡q †Zv‡j el©ei‡Yi D`hvcb|