Subject: Accounting; Class : Nine.

Chapter : 06 – Journal; Page : 67 to 70.

Part 1: Introduction and Prior Knowledge Check

Teacher: Good morning, class! Before we dive into today's topic, let’s quickly recall our previous session. Does anyone remember the name of the third stage of the accounting cycle?

Student: Yes, sir! It is the Journal.

Teacher: Exactly. And how do we define a Journal?

Student: When business transactions occur, they are recorded first in a book that analyzes the debit and credit sides in chronological order with a brief explanation. That book is called a journal.

Teacher: Excellent. Today, we are going to learn about the "Factors to be considered for General Journal." Just like we follow specific signs on the road to stay safe, we must follow specific rules when recording journal entries.

Part 2: Discussing the Rules (Factors)

Teacher: Let’s look at our first rule. When we record transactions, can we open accounts named "goods," "materials," or "cheque"?

Student: No, sir. Instead of "goods," we use the "Purchase" or "Sales" account.

Teacher: Correct! For example, if we purchase goods by cheque, we debit the "Purchase Account" and credit the "Bank Account." Now, what happens if we buy goods from a person named Hasan Traders but don't mention if it was for cash?

Student: If only the name is mentioned, it is considered a credit transaction.

Teacher: Spot on. We would debit the Purchase Account and credit the Creditors (Hasan Traders) Account. However, if the words "cash" or "cheque" are attached to the name, it is no longer a credit transaction.

Part 3: Handling Assets and Returns

Teacher: Here is a common mistake: if we buy a new chair for the office, do we open a "New Furniture Account"?

Student: No, sir. For buying or selling assets, we cannot use words like "new," "old," "purchase," or "sale" in the account title. We simply use the name of the asset, like "Furniture Account."

Teacher: Very good. Now, what if goods are stolen from the shop? How do we record that?

Student: We debit "Sundry Loss Account" and credit the "Purchase Account" because the amount of goods has decreased.

Part 4: Individual Task and Assessment

Teacher: Now, I want you to take 8 minutes to record these transactions for Bahauddin & Sons in your General Journal books. For example, on May 2nd, the business withdrew 15,000 TK from the bank for business use. How would you record that?

Student: I would debit the Cash Account and credit the Bank Account for 15,000 TK.

Teacher: Perfect. Start working on the rest of the list, including the 10% discount for Romij Brothers and the 5% discount for Shahadat & Co.

Part 5: Wrap-up and Homework

Teacher: Before we end, a quick check: Which account names are strictly prohibited in a Journal?

Student: Goods, materials, and cheque.

Teacher: Correct. For your homework, please complete the transactions for M/S Sachin & Co. for April 2025, found on pages 77-78 of your textbook. Thank you, class!

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